The scenarios highlight the challenges that must be overcome to move from the slow, incremental changes that characterise the energy transition today (Walls), to the radical changes needed to move the world onto a path aligned with the 1.5°C ambition of the Paris agreement (Bridges).

Security of energy supply has come to the forefront of the energy policy agenda, with rising energy prices and significant increases in overall cost of living, keeping energy affordability on the agenda as well. Still, the climate challenge will stay as a long-term driver for decarbonisation of our energy system, but the short to medium-term focus should be expected mainly on those options that combine decarbonisation with increased energy security and resilience.

How will the share of fossil fuels in primary energy demand towards 2050 develop? How fast will the world be able to electrify road transport? And, to what extent will natural gas play a role as a transition fuel? These are big questions with potentially large impact on the energy markets and the ability to deliver on climate targets; thus, the dialogue driven by Energy Perspectives is particularly valuable in informing decisions that will shape the future of energy.